F\u00e1cil portabilidad del marco a productos espec\u00edficos<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\nHardware<\/h1>\n\n\n\n
Obviamente, el coraz\u00f3n del sistema es la MCU\/CPU. Mi enfoque fue encontrar un equilibrio entre el MCU m\u00e1s barato, m\u00e1s potente y de mayor tendencia en el mercado. Sin duda el ganador es el AMR, muchos fabricantes han adoptado estos n\u00facleos: TI, Samsung, nVidia, Intel, Atmel, NXP, Freescale, una lista interminable. Para un dise\u00f1ador de sistemas como Cisium esto proporciona una gran ventaja, ya que permite cambiar entre fabricantes con n\u00facleos similares con una gran reutilizaci\u00f3n del conocimiento.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
La arquitectura ARM para nuestro alcance de desarrollo integrado est\u00e1 mejor posicionada que MIPS, PPC, x86, AVR32, PIC32, etc. \u00a1Solo como referencia, se puede comprar un NXP 1114 basado en ARM Cortex M0 por 1 USD!<\/p>\n\n\n\n
He sido un fan\u00e1tico de las arquitecturas 8051, PIC, AVR y otras, y lo he usado en muchos dise\u00f1os, pero no elecci\u00f3n, tengo que rodearme de la evidencia de que las arquitecturas ARM son las ganadoras y la tendencia. Obviamente, esto es desde el punto de vista de tratar de definir una soluci\u00f3n reutilizable gen\u00e9rica, por supuesto, para una aplicaci\u00f3n de precio muy espec\u00edfica y muy sensible, un PIC muy peque\u00f1o o MCU similares podr\u00eda ser una soluci\u00f3n mucho mejor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
No he encontrado una plataforma HW de c\u00f3digo abierto, Aurdino es bueno, basado en ATmega, un MCU excelente, pero caro para lo que dan, solo tenga en cuenta que Atmet est\u00e1 fabricando MCU basados en ARM, as\u00ed que tarde o temprano creo ellos decidimos qu\u00e9 arquitectura de 32 bits seguir la propia o la ARM.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
B\u00e1sicamente recomiendo comprar algunos de los excelentes kits de desarrollo disponibles en los mercados; no son gratis, pero son muy baratos. Le brindar\u00e1n un punto de partida para crear su propia plataforma para muchas aplicaciones diferentes con un tiempo de comercializaci\u00f3n r\u00e1pido y un desarrollo de ingenier\u00eda de bajo costo con un costo de material muy controlado.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Por ejemplo, en Cisium una de nuestras sucursales est\u00e1 enfocada en el procesador NXP ARM: Cortex M0, Cortex M3 y ARM926. Esos son los procesadores ARM m\u00e1s baratos del mercado.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Software<\/h1>\n\n\n\n
El software hoy en d\u00eda tiene un mayor impacto en el costo de ingenier\u00eda de un producto espec\u00edfico. Se debe hacer un esfuerzo especial para crear c\u00f3digo reutilizable y de alta calidad. Los puntos clave son la arquitectura del software, las pruebas de software, el sistema operativo y el middleware.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Desde la perspectiva de una plataforma integrada gen\u00e9rica con un potente soporte de software, creo que un sistema operativo en tiempo real es imprescindible. No creo que el software simple sea el mejor enfoque para los sistemas integrados, a menos que tenga que implementar un producto muy optimizado, donde es importante ahorrar algunos KB y algo de carga de CPU.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Hemos cancelado nuestro proyecto interno para crear nuestro propio RTOS, y hemos decidido unirnos a una buena comunidad de c\u00f3digo abierto para el caso. Hemos dividido el mercado OS\/RTOS en 3 grupos<\/p>\n\n\n\n
RTOS con huella de implementaci\u00f3n m\u00ednima<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Hemos evaluado m\u00e1s de 18 RTOS y la evaluaci\u00f3n a\u00fan est\u00e1 en curso. Hemos incluido comercial y de c\u00f3digo abierto. Hasta ahora la clasificaci\u00f3n es as\u00ed:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1. Chibi OS\/RT. Es con la huella m\u00ednima RAM 800B, FLASH 4.36KB sin c\u00f3digos de prueba.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Este software es totalmente gratuito y se puede usar para productos comerciales, solo se requiere colocar un enlace al proyecto en alg\u00fan lugar del sitio web o documentaci\u00f3n para anunciar que estamos usando ChibiOS\/RT. La licencia comercial se ofrecer\u00e1 despu\u00e9s del lanzamiento de la versi\u00f3n 2.0.0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
El foro no es muy activo, la documentaci\u00f3n es justa. El RTOS es muy maduro comenz\u00f3 en 2007<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2. FreeRTOS. RAM 2 KB (el sitio web dice solo 344 Bytes, pero creo que es solo marketing), 7.41 KB con una funcionalidad muy reducida.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Buen sitio web con mucha informaci\u00f3n. Tiene aplicaciones de demostraci\u00f3n preconfiguradas para computadoras de placa \u00fanica seleccionadas que permiten una operaci\u00f3n 'lista para usar' y una curva de aprendizaje r\u00e1pida.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
En el soporte gratuito, ser\u00e1 redirigido a su foro activo que ya tiene muchos hilos, lo que podr\u00eda ser una buena fuente de soporte.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tambi\u00e9n tiene una actualizaci\u00f3n regular, esperada en un intervalo de 1 a 3 meses.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Saber que los sistemas operativos comerciales como OpenRTOS y SafeRTOS se basan en FreeRTOS nos da una idea de lo bueno que es este sistema operativo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
3. Empresa ERIKA. RAM 200 Bytes, FALS 800 \u2013 2000 Bytes La huella a\u00fan no est\u00e1 confirmada.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
La idea principal de ERIKA Enterprise es ser un peque\u00f1o sistema m\u00ednimo \u00fatil para aplicaciones automotrices, as\u00ed como peque\u00f1as aplicaciones integradas que requieren soporte en tiempo real.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Cobra Automotive Technologies, un grupo internacional que proporciona una soluci\u00f3n centrada en el veh\u00edculo f\u00e1cil de usar en todo el mundo, y Magneti Marelli Powertraing, una empresa internacional comprometida con el dise\u00f1o y la producci\u00f3n de sistemas y componentes de alta tecnolog\u00eda para el sector automotriz, anunciaron su apoyo a ERIKA Enterprise. Proporcionar\u00e1n puertos de arquitectura para varios microcontroladores que se utilizar\u00e1n en sus productos futuros.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Saber que estas dos grandes empresas est\u00e1n utilizando y brindando su apoyo a ERIKA Enterprise har\u00e1 que los desarrolladores piensen que ERIKA es un RTOS confiable.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
4. Otros. Al igual que Micrium uC\/OS-II, es muy bueno y tiene una excelente documentaci\u00f3n, pero lamentablemente no es una licencia gratuita para el comercio.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
RTOS de tama\u00f1o medio, con middleware ya integrado. Sin requisito de MMU<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
En este grupo pusimos sistemas operativos como ucLinux, NuttX ROS o RTEMS. Hemos decidido cancelar esta actividad y considerar solo sistemas operativos de la competencia como Linux, ya que la MCU con soporte de MMU no es mucho m\u00e1s cara que sin ella.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Me gusta mucho ucLinux, pero sinceramente creo que est\u00e1 decayendo con respecto al padre Linux.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Sistema operativo completo, donde se requiere MMU<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
El claro ganador es Linux y sus diferentes sabores. Tenemos en evaluaci\u00f3n hasta 14 sistemas operativos completos, incluidas muchas distribuciones de Linux.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Hasta ahora, creo que la mejor opci\u00f3n es desarrollar su propia distribuci\u00f3n de Linux o tomar la sugerida por el proveedor de MCU. Tenga en cuenta que una de las actividades m\u00e1s importantes en Linux para sistemas integrados es crear controladores espec\u00edficos para su hardware espec\u00edfico.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Una menci\u00f3n especial merece Android, el hijo de Google basado en Linux. Estamos 100% seguros de que esto va a apoderarse del 50% del mercado de aplicaciones integradas en dispositivos m\u00f3viles y tabletas, as\u00ed que querido desarrollador... adelante, se nos est\u00e1 abriendo un mercado enorme.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Obviamente, el coraz\u00f3n del sistema es la MCU\/CPU. Mi enfoque fue encontrar un equilibrio entre el MCU m\u00e1s barato, m\u00e1s potente y de mayor tendencia en el mercado. Sin duda el ganador es el AMR, muchos fabricantes han adoptado estos n\u00facleos: TI, Samsung, nVidia, Intel, Atmel, NXP, Freescale, una lista interminable. Para un dise\u00f1ador de sistemas como Cisium esto proporciona una gran ventaja, ya que permite cambiar entre fabricantes con n\u00facleos similares con una gran reutilizaci\u00f3n del conocimiento.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":22232,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ocean_post_layout":"","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"0","ocean_second_sidebar":"0","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"default","ocean_display_header":"default","ocean_header_style":"","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"0","ocean_custom_header_template":"0","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"enable","ocean_disable_heading":"enable","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"background-image","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":22232,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"default","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"default","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"default","ocean_custom_footer_template":"0","osh_disable_topbar_sticky":"default","osh_disable_header_sticky":"default","osh_sticky_header_style":"default","osh_sticky_header_effect":"","osh_custom_sticky_logo":0,"osh_custom_retina_sticky_logo":0,"osh_custom_sticky_logo_height":0,"osh_background_color":"","osh_links_color":"","osh_links_hover_color":"","osh_links_active_color":"","osh_links_bg_color":"","osh_links_hover_bg_color":"","osh_links_active_bg_color":"","osh_menu_social_links_color":"","osh_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_post_oembed":"","ocean_post_self_hosted_media":"","ocean_post_video_embed":"","ocean_link_format":"","ocean_link_format_target":"self","ocean_quote_format":"","ocean_quote_format_link":"post","ocean_gallery_link_images":"off","ocean_gallery_id":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[913,438,259],"tags":[90,82,93,86,489,81,89,87,490,85,84,95,83,92,88,94,91],"class_list":["post-795","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articles","category-software-and-it","category-technology","tag-android","tag-arm","tag-avr","tag-chibiosrt","tag-cisium","tag-embedded","tag-erika-enterprise","tag-freertos","tag-inc","tag-linux","tag-lpc","tag-mmu","tag-nxp","tag-pic","tag-rtos","tag-ucos-ii","tag-uclinux","entry","has-media","owp-thumbs-layout-horizontal","owp-btn-normal","owp-tabs-layout-section","has-no-thumbnails"],"yoast_head":"\n
Generic Embedded Platform - Ra\u00fal Bartolom\u00e9<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/raulbartolome.com\/es\/generic-embedded-platform\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Generic Embedded Platform - Ra\u00fal Bartolom\u00e9\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Obviously the heart of the system is the MCU\/CPU. My approach was to find out a balance between the cheapest, most powerful, and higher trend MCU in the market. Without any doubt the winner is the AMR, many manufacturers have adopted these cores: TI, Samsung, nVidia, Intel, Atmel, NXP, Freescale, a never ending list. 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